The differences between volcano types can be found here. Fold mountains are large mountain ranges where the layers of rock within them have been crumpled as they have been forced together.
They can be formed at destructive or collisional plate boundaries, where tectonic plates are moving together forcing layers of rock to be crumpled upwards. The layers of rock can form 2 basic features, if the folding is up over the feature if known as an anticline, or down over into a syncline. If the folded rocks in an anticline go over the top of themselves we get a feature known as an overfold.
Recent mountain building movements have created the Andes , Himalaya, Alps and Rockies mountains. This is the subduction zone. When the other plate is forced down the process is called subduction. The plate enters into the magma and eventually it is completely melted. That is how the surface of the earth makes way for the crust created over time at other plate boundaries. Subduction zones have key characteristics that help geologist and seismologist identify them.
The first is mountain formation. Subduction zones always have mountain ranges caused by plate subduction. The next is volcanic activity as a plate is subducted the pressure and heat turns it into magma. These pockets of magma find paths to the surface and create volcanoes.
A good example is the subduction zone near Chile. The final sign is deep marine trenches. These are the best evidence of a subduction zone as they are visible evidence of the crease formed by subduction of a plate. The most famous is the Mariana Trench. This makes a lot of sense due to the geologic evidence of large impacts scattered around the world.
Understanding how subduction zones work is important because it helps scientist to identify areas of high volcanic and seismic activity. Monitoring these areas can help them warn people who live near them of imminent events and also people who could be affected by the side effects of such events such as ash clouds or tsunamis. Subduction continues to be one of the most powerful and dynamic processes on planet Earth and as technology improves we can come to understand more about this amazing process.
We have written many articles about the subduction zone for Universe Today. Survey Manual. These plates collide, slide past, and move apart from each other. Where they collide and one plate is thrust beneath another a subduction zone , the most powerful earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and landslides occur. Public domain. The massive size of these faults produce the largest earthquakes on Earth.
They also occur within the crust of the upper plate, often just beneath our feet. When the surface of the seafloor moves vertically, a tsunami is born. This can happen either when earthquake faults move vertically just below the surface, or when submarine landslides transport large masses.
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