A hernia: that sounds painful, right? A hernia is a small hole in the abdominal wall. This hole can allow intestinal and other tissue to move back and forth. Sometimes, this tissue gets stuck as it moves through the hole, which causes decreased blood flow and therefore pain. When the pressure on the tissue is relieved, the tissue will move back into place and the pain will subside.
There are many unique types of hernias. Hernias never heal on their own. With time, hernias grow in size. This allows more tissue to be pushed through the hernia defect as more time passes, therefore increasing the risk of the blood flow being interrupted at some point. Again, the interruption of blood flow is what causes hernia pain. Pain in the groin or the umbilicus belly button area can be caused by conditions other than a hernia. Muscle strain is a very common cause of groin pain. This is an injury to the muscle fibers, causing a small muscle tear.
This is the most common type of hernia and it mainly affects men. It's often associated with ageing and repeated strain on the tummy. Femoral hernias also happen when fatty tissue or part of your bowel pokes through into your groin at the top of your inner thigh.
Like inguinal hernias, femoral hernias are also associated with ageing and repeated strain on the tummy. Umbilical hernias occur when fatty tissue or part of your bowel pokes through your tummy near your belly button.
This type of hernia can occur in babies if the opening in the tummy that the umbilical cord passes through does not seal properly after birth. Hiatus hernias occur when part of the stomach pushes up into your chest by squeezing through an opening in the diaphragm, the thin sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the tummy. This type of hernia may not have any noticeable symptoms, although it can cause heartburn in some people. It's not exactly clear what causes hiatus hernias, but it may be the result of the diaphragm becoming weak with age or pressure on the tummy.
See a GP if you think you have a hernia. They may refer you to hospital for surgical treatment, if necessary. A strangulated hernia and obstructed bowel are medical emergencies and need to be treated as soon as possible. In some cases, they may refer you to a nearby hospital for an ultrasound scan to confirm the diagnosis or assess the extent of the problem.
They occur in the middle of the belly, in the area between the belly button and the breastbone. Some patients develop more than one epigastric hernia at a time.
Treatment of epigastric hernias typically involves surgery, but your doctor will discuss all your options with you in detail. A hernia that occurs in the area of a previous surgery is known as an incisional hernia.
These hernias may occur when the abdominal wall has been weakened by surgery, or when a surgical incision becomes infected, further weakening the area. Incisional hernias are relatively common because surgical incisions weaken the abdominal area. That weakness makes it easier for a part of the intestine or other tissue to protrude. Incisional hernias can develop soon after surgery, or they can develop slowly, over months or even years.
They typically occur alongside vertical incisions. Incisional hernias tend to be large and rather painful.
Incisional hernias will not heal on their own. Talk to your doctor for more details about your treatment options. Spigelian hernias occur throughout the spigelian fascia. Unlike other types of hernias, which develop immediately below layers of fat, spigelian hernias occur in the midst of abdominal muscles. This means that spigelian hernias may not be immediately visible as a bulge or lump.
They can go undetected for longer periods of time. Because spigelian hernias tend to be small, the risk of developing a strangulated hernia is higher. An umbilical hernia occurs when a weak spot in the belly allows a bit of fat, fluid, or intestine to push through, creating a lump or bulge near the belly button. Umbilical hernias frequently occur in infants. In most cases, these hernias will heal on their own. Occasionally, however, surgery may be required. Umbilical hernias also occur in adults, particularly those with health issues that cause increased pressure in the belly.
Those issues may include obesity, pregnancy, chronic coughing or constipation, and difficulty urinating. Because they tend to grow bigger over time, umbilical hernias require treatment.
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