It leads to softening and weakening of the bones. Vitamin D helps the body control calcium and phosphate levels. If the blood levels of these minerals become too low, the body may produce hormones that cause calcium and phosphate to be released from the bones. This leads to weak and soft bones. Vitamin D is absorbed from food or produced by the skin when exposed to sunlight. Lack of vitamin D production by the skin may occur in people who:.
Infants who are breastfed only may develop vitamin D deficiency. Human breast milk does not supply the proper amount of vitamin D.
This can be a particular problem for darker-skinned children in winter months. This is because there are lower levels of sunlight during these months. Not getting enough calcium and phosphorous in your diet can also lead to rickets. Rickets caused by a lack of these minerals in the diet is rare in developed countries.
Calcium and phosphorous are found in milk and green vegetables. Your genes may increase your risk of rickets. Hereditary rickets is a form of the disease that is passed down through families. It occurs when the kidneys are unable to hold onto the mineral phosphate. Rickets may also be caused by kidney disorders that involve renal tubular acidosis. Disorders that reduce the digestion or absorption of fats will make it more difficult for vitamin D to be absorbed into the body.
Too much vitamin D or calcium can be unsafe. If skeletal deformities are present, your child may need braces to position their bones correctly as they grow. In severe cases, your child may need corrective surgery. For hereditary rickets, a combination of phosphate supplements and high levels of a special form of vitamin D are required to treat the disease.
Increasing vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate levels will help correct the disorder. Most children with rickets see improvements in about one week. Skeletal deformities will often improve or disappear over time if rickets is corrected while the child is still young. The best way to prevent rickets is to eat a diet that includes adequate amounts of calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin D.
People with kidney disorders should have their calcium and phosphate levels monitored on a regular basis by their doctors. Rickets can also be prevented with moderate sun exposure. According to the National Health Service of England NHS , you only need to expose your hands and face to sunlight a few times a week during the spring and summer months to prevent rickets.
Most adults get enough exposure to sunlight. These preventive measures can significantly lower your risk of developing rickets. Vitamin D is essential for health, but it can be hard to get enough of it from your diet.
Here are 7 healthy foods that are high in vitamin D. Nutrient deficiencies may occur with almost every nutrient, but some are more likely than others. Here are 7 incredibly common nutrient deficiencies. In the short-term, severely low calcium levels in the blood can lead to cramps, seizures, and breathing problems.
In severe cases, untreated, long-term nutritional rickets can increase the risk of:. The human body needs vitamin D to absorb calcium from the intestines. UV rays from sunlight help the skin cells convert a precursor of vitamin D from an inactive to an active state. If a person does not make or consume enough vitamin D, their body may not absorb sufficient calcium from the food they eat, causing low levels of calcium in the blood. Low calcium levels result in irregularities of the bones and teeth, as well as nerve and muscle problems.
Children may lack vitamin D if they:. According to the CDC, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend vitamin D supplements of international units IU 10 micrograms [mcg] for infants who are wholly or partially breastfed. Formula milk tends to be fortified with vitamin D. Learn more about vitamin D here. Some types of rickets result from a genetic condition.
These may be hereditary. Hypophosphatemic rickets, for example, is a rare condition in which the kidneys are unable to process phosphate properly. Low levels of phosphate in the blood lead to weak and soft bones. The most common type affects around 1 in 20, newborns. Calcium is also important for bone strength. Find out which foods provide calcium here. One study found that Alaska Native children had a higher risk of rickets due to poor nutrition , a lack of vitamin D supplementation, and latitude very little UV light reaches the earth from November to February in this region.
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